which of the following best explains diffusion?

Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries. Water molecules will move from the side of higher water concentration to the side of lower concentration until both solutions are isotonic. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Which of the following organelles will be abundant in liver cells? When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Would remain unchanged B. (1967). This property can be observed even better if the gas has an odor or color. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic? Therefore, muscle cells have numerous: Which statement regarding the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is false? Facilitated diffusion is necessary for the movement of large or polar molecules across the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. Diffusion is the process of movement of molecules under a concentration gradient. Obviously, the cell could not survive in such an environment. The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Unit 3 Culture Test | Geography Quiz - Quizizz Banana plants were brought to Central America from Southeast Asia to be grown closer to markets in the United States and Canada. The river in the long lot survey system provided better access to waterways to transport goods to market. Although one of these refers to chemical properties and the latter social interaction, both are examples or diffusion. D. mitochondria, Which of the following is a function of lysosomes? What do you predict will happen to the person's cells? What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? Diffusion through a membrane | Cell Structure Quiz - Quizizz Put it in freshwater, and the freshwater will, through osmosis, enter the fish, causing its cells to swell, and the fish will die. If there was a coolant near the mouth of a crucible heating iodine how would that affect its rate of diffusion? C. peroxisome A&P lecture 1 chp 3 Flashcards | Chegg.com This is an example of: Resting membrane potential is due to unequal concentrations of: Two types of active transport via vesicles are: Which of the following best describes secondary active transport? For example, how might this play into why coffee and tea always start with hot water? Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. The phospholipid is a lipid molecule with a hydrophilic ("water-loving") head and two hydrophobic ("water-hating") tails. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. That is because the molecules from the food odor havent diffused into that space yet. { "8.1:_Concentrations_of_Solutions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.2:_Chemical_Equilibrium" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.3:_Le_Ch\u00e2telier\'s_Principle" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.4:_Osmosis_and_Diffusion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.5:_Acid-Base_Definitions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.6:_The_pH_Concept" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8.E:_Properties_of_Solutions_(Exercises)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_11:_Properties_of_Reactions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_12:_Organic_Reactions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_13:_Amino_Acids_and_Proteins" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_14:_Biological_Molecules" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_15:_Metabolic_Cycles" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_1:_Measurements_and_Problem-Solving" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_2:_Elements_and_Ions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_3:_Compounds" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_4:_Structure_and_Function" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_5:_Properties_of_Compounds" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_6:_Energy_and_Properties" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_7:_Solids_Liquids_and_Gases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_8:_Properties_of_Solutions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Chapter_9:_Equilibrium_Applications" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "diffusion", "osmosis", "crenation", "hemolysis", "showtoc:no", "license:ck12", "authorname:ck12" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FUniversity_of_Kentucky%2FUK%253A_CHE_103_-_Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)%2FChapters%2FChapter_8%253A_Properties_of_Solutions%2F8.4%253A_Osmosis_and_Diffusion, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moPJkCbKjBs, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will take in water across their membranes until both the external solution and the cytosol are isotonic. What process permits absorption of glucose into cells? Agricultural settlement patterns are partly determined by the survey system used to organize landownership. C. detoxify certain chemicals D. through oxidation reactions For instance, when iodine is sublimated over a hot stove, purple fumes begin to appear and mix with air. The use of improved plant hybrids and agricultural chemicals. Grain farming is an extensive farming practice that can maximize profits in part by lower land costs, lower transportation costs, and imperishability of the product. A. AP human test | Geography Quiz - Quizizz Imagine this just like a hydroelectric power station uses the energy of water flowing down the waterfall to create electricity. tonicity: the amount of solute in a solution. For instance, when water is mixed with glycerol, over time the two liquids diffuse radially into each other. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration. C. movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. 1) The "sodium/glucose symporter", known as SGLT (sodium glucose linked transporter), receives the energy needed to perform its transport from the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium/potassium pump. These channels are . Which of the following correctly compares the significance of the different technologies shown in the images? At that concentration, the solution is isotonic to the cell. In its inward-facing shape, the pump loses its interest in (has a low affinity for) potassium ions, so the two potassium ions will be released into the cytoplasm. Solved QUESTION 28 Which of the following best explains the - Chegg gradient? By what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf bacteria? Because diffusion happens from high concentration to low concentration, the more molecules are moving, the more opportunities they have to mix together. Biologydictionary.net Editors. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. The difference in the concentrations of the molecules in the two areas is called the concentration gradient. Water leaves the cells and the cells shrink. Large polar molecules cannot diffuse across a biological membrane B. When deoxygenated blood is in your capillaries in your lungs, the oxygen in your lungs diffuses from a higher concentration in your lungs to the lower concentration in your blood. Farmers' health is at risk in less developed countries, whereas environmental pollution is a risk in more developed countries. LEFT ARROW - move card to the Don't know pile. Can you find a safe way to heat or cool the food coloring before adding it to the water? Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? Identify the polar and nonpolar regions of a cell membrane. & y_1^{\prime}=3 y_2 \\ Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? Primary and secondary active transport. Which of the following best describes the survey system used in both locations shown? All the examples given above were instances of simple diffusion. B. digest and recycle damaged organelles Diffusion is the mixing of substances due to the movement of their particles. The end result is an equal concentration, or equilibrium, of molecules on both sides of the membrane. The images show examples of agricultural technology developed during different time periods. Spaeth, E. E., and Friedlander, S.K. However, the same phenomenon is not seen when immiscible liquids like petrol and water are mixed together. These molecules diffuse freely in and out of the cell, along their concentration gradient. (a) Osmosis UEE Main-2020 (Septeimbern) (c) Diffusion (b) Reverse osmosis (d) Dialysis 26. Facilitated diffusion requires the assistance of proteins. If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just tap on the card to take it out of the box. To extend the example given above, if the block of dry ice is broken into multiple pieces, the area that interacts with the atmosphere immediately increases. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Direct link to Samuel Mayer's post In an antiporter it uses , Posted 7 years ago. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia? Passive Transport | Biology I - Lumen Learning At the exact same time, add 2-3 drops off food coloring into each glass. These farmers and traders exchanged the domesticated plants between themselves. In chemical processes, diffusion is often the central principle driving many reactions. Which cell junctions prevent substances from passing between adjacent cells? Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. For instance, a gas diffuses very quickly in another gas. Direct link to Stocke's post Why does the diffusion of, Posted 7 years ago. There are certainly more numbers of potassium ions in the cells, but remember that there are greater numbers of sodium ions outside the cell (since for every three sodium ions moved out of the cells, two potassium ions enter the cell), therefore, resulting in a net positive charge outside the cell and net negative charge inside the cell. Which of the following is the main component of the cell membrane? Put the food coloring back where you found it. Which of the following explains how global demand for palm oil has proved beneficial and detrimental f. Palm oil exports provided substantial corporate profits, but the growth in the industry resulted in heavy deforestation in both countries. The township-and-range survey system was based on a geometric grid pattern, while the long-lot system was a rectilinear pattern based upon waterways or roads. Answer: Random movement of molecules is not fast enough to disperse through the larger eukaryotic cell volume, Explanation: Eukaryotic clels are much bigger than prokaryotic cells. Also, it is spatially more available than in the case of ATP. Molecules that cannot easily pass through the bilayer include ions and small hydrophilic molecules, such as glucose, and macromolecules, including proteins and RNA. The SER synthesizes the majority of the lipid components of the plasma membrane. In the South Asian country of Sri Lanka, tea is farmed as a monoculture. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming? A. Prior to this, very few animals had been domesticated in the Americas. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is helped along (facilitated by) a membrane transport channel. The gradient is steep enough that potassium ions will move out of the cell (via channels), despite a growing negative charge on the interior. C. Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid. However, for molecules in the periphery, rapidly moving molecules in the air also influence their movement, allowing them to diffuse into the air. The protein can be toggled back and forth between these forms by the addition or removal of a phosphate group, which is in turn controlled by the binding of the ions to be transported. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower concentration solution (i.e., higher concentration of water) to an area of higher concentration solution (i.e., lower concentration of water). The images show devices developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution. As a prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, the DNA is in the cytoplasm. C. The SER manufactures proteins for export from the cell. Both systems require geometric calculations to survey property lines. On the other hand, facilitated diffusion, as the term indicates, requires the presence of another molecule (the facilitator) in order for diffusion to occur. Conversely, in active transport, the solute moves against the concentration gradient, from regions of lower to higher concentration. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Cells may lyse when placed into a hypertonic environment. answer choices The English language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. Technological innovations, such as the devices shown in the images, and increased agricultural productivity led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories. answer choices The greater the difference in concentration, the quicker the rate of diffusion. If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? But now you have two mixtures of different solute concentrations. Since they are relatively large openings in the plasma membrane, these integral membrane proteins also have high specificity. This is because in hot water, the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster than the molecules of cold water. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post yes, dimensions also play. Facilitated diffusion is powered entirely by GTP hydrolysis B. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post Because it is faster to u, Posted 7 years ago. Why does the diffusion of the solute down its concentration gradient release energy? why wouldnt cells use atp for primary active transport of glucose directly, why go through a second step? this monosaccharide yields the most energy of all macromolecules. A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until . Diffusion in the human body is necessary for the absorption of digested nutrients, gas exchange, the propagation of nerve impulses, the movement of hormones and other metabolites towards their target organ and for nearly every event in embryonic development. After addition of 1.00mL1.00 \mathrm{~mL}1.00mL of 2.00102M2.00 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}2.00102M NaCl\mathrm{NaCl}NaCl, the potential changed to 0.1846V-0.1846 \mathrm{~V}0.1846V. Calculate the Na+\mathrm{Na}^{+}Na+concentration of the original solution. in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. This statement describes _____. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP. Lipids do not mix with water (recall that oil is a lipid), so the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane acts as a barrier, keeping water out of the cell, and keeping the cytoplasm inside the cell. Predict behavior of blood cells in different solution types. The kinetic energy of the molecules results in random motion, causing diffusion. Animal cells tend to do best in an isotonic environment, where the flow of water in and out of the cell is occurring at equal rates. Which of the following best explains diffusion? The second sugar solution is hypertonic to the first. The material that diffuses could be a solid, liquid or gas. The cell is therefore not completely permeable. Examples of molecules that can easily diffuse across the plasma membrane include carbon dioxide and oxygen gas. B. It mainly occur in liquid and gaseous substance as their particle can easily move from one place to another. Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products. Which of the following best explains the significance of similarities between the farming practices for apple orchards and grape vineyards? movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? start superscript, 2, comma, 3, end superscript, start superscript, 4, comma, 5, end superscript. If the alveoli in our lungs fill with fluid (pulmonary edema), the distance the gases must travel increases, and their transport decreases. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images? Diffusion is a physical process that refers to the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration. C. The IV fluid should be hypertonic to the patient's blood. Eventually, the concentration of "stuff" on either side of them will even out. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Mehrer, H. and Stolwijk, N. A. Not everything can make it into your cells. 2.1: Osmosis - Biology LibreTexts For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. This experiment was selected for Science at Home because it teaches NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas, which have broad importance within or across multiple science or engineering disciplines. Direct link to William H's post If for example there are , Posted 5 years ago. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? The higher the temperature, the more kinetic energy the particles will have, so they will move and mix more quickly. Which of the following best explains diffusion? A number of colonies were established and settled by people from Great Britain. Red blood cells behave the same way (see figure below). In this experiment, the food coloring that gets added is the same temperature in each of the hot and cold water tests. Which of the following explains one of the negative consequences of the Green Revolution that would be of greater c, Runoff of agricultural chemicals into the local groundwater that pollutes water resources. The two images represent two different methods of raising livestock in the United States. Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. diffusion: [noun] the state of being spread out or transmitted especially by contact : the action of diffusing. Do you think the temperature of the food coloring might have an effect on how it diffuses? A Diffusion provides encryption strength, while confusion provides data integrity B. Diffusion provides function integrity, while confusion provides encryption confidentiality. Solution A and solution B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Wipe up any spills that may have happened. You would need to create a new account. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. As a simple example, a few crystals of sugar in a glass of water will slowly dissolve over time. His feet and legs were swollen with fluid. A) greater collision frequency and more effective collisions B) increasing the number of particles in a given volume increases collision frequency C) weakens the bonds in the reactants so that they are easier to break D) better orientation of the reactant Active transport works by using a phosphate group from ATP to change the shape of the protein and thus do work. Question 12 30 seconds Q. Diffusion occurs when the spontaneous net movement of particles or molecules spreads them from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semipermeable membrane. This results in crenation (shriveling) of the blood cell. Which of the following best explains this change? Retrieved from https://biologydictionary.net/diffusion/. This can even be observed visually by the addition of different colored dyes to each of the liquids. A red blood cell will swell and undergo hemolysis (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. B. ribosome Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power. Between 1950 and 1990, wheat production in India in average pounds per acre more than tripled, which allowed India to meet its populations need for food. a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. } The Diffusion of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Inert Gas in Flowing Blood. Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane? Adults should handle or assist with potentially harmful materials or sharp objects. serve as the site for metabolic reactions such as protein synthesis. Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. Hi, I'm just a little curious, why can't 3 potassium ions be pumped out and 2 sodium ions pumped in(the other way around)? Facilitated diffusion is necessary for the biochemical processes of every cell since there is communication between various subcellular organelles. Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Image 2 shows an innovation that occurred in the Second Agricultural Revolution, reducing the amount of labor needed and increasing crop yields. The conversion from manual thread spinning to an industrial processing approach led to increased demand for raw cotton in the agricultural sector. The SER detoxifies drugs and harmful substances ingested by and produced in the body. A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. One of the most important pumps in animal cells is the, Not only does the sodium-potassium pump maintain correct concentrations of Na. The latter may be 0.5 um while the former may be 100 um (which is more than 10X in comparative size). What will happen to a freshwater fish in the ocean? Township and range: unit-block field patterns with dispersed farmsteads and occasional villages. D. The IV fluid should be hypotonic to the patient's blood. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Na+. Simple diffusion is merely the movement of molecules along their concentration gradient without the direct involvement of any other molecules. how does the carrier protein "harness" energy from another molecules concentration gradient? Diffusion - Definition, Examples and Types | Biology Dictionary Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes "down the concentration gradient". Spontaneous activity releases energy, non-spontaneous activity (like moving something against its concentration gradient) requires energy. (2005). Actually, Sodium does go down its gradient but through specialized Sodium channels. And sodium is highly concentrated outside of the cell, so that's where it goes during active transport considering it is low to high concentration.